What diameter of asbestos pipe is needed for the foundation. Piles made of asbestos-cement pipes. Minimum cost from

So, we decided to build a frame or wooden house, or any other light building (baths, terraces, etc.). Of the proposed types and varieties of foundations, we will focus on a columnar foundation made using asbestos-cement pipes.

Advantage This type of foundation is characterized by the relative ease of manufacture, availability of all materials used, simplicity of operations, and, importantly, low cost compared to other types. Also, this type of foundation is well suited for areas with high ground flooding, large amounts of melt water, places where access for special equipment is very difficult or there is no access at all, or there is no possibility of using it.

First you need to determine the depth of the pillars in the area where the building itself will be built. Since the base of our pillar must necessarily rest on a solid support below the freezing point, the depth of the wells is also different for different latitudes. Here basic data by region:

Freezing depth up to 240 cm: Novosibirsk, Nizhnevartovsk, Vorkuta, Omsk, Surgut.
Freezing depth up to 210 cm: Tobolsk, Kurgan, Petropavlovsk.
Freezing depth up to 190 cm: Yekaterinburg, Orenburg, Ufa, Chelyabinsk.
Freezing depth up to 170 cm: Samara, Kazan, Izhevsk.
Freezing depth up to 150 cm: Moscow, Kostroma, Penza, Ryazan, Saratov.
Freezing depth up to 120 cm: Volgograd, Astrakhan, Smolensk.
Freezing depth up to 100 cm: Kaliningrad, Rostov, Belgorod.
Freezing depth up to 80 cm: Krasnodar, up to 60 cm: Nalchik, Stavropol.

The next stage of depth calculation is the type of soil itself where the building will be located:

Rocks and coarse soils, hard-consistent loams and clays, coarse and medium-sized gravelly sands - the depth of the wells depends on the depth of freezing in each specific case and the mass of the house.
Loams and clays of a soft-plastic and fluid consistency, fine sands and silty ones - the depth of the wells should always be no less than the calculated freezing depth.

After determining the depth our foundation pillars should be added to it another 15 cm below the freezing point. Also add another 40 cm to the height of the pillars above the surface. That is, if the calculated depth is 1.5 meters (150 cm), you should add: 150+15+40=205 cm.

If you plan to build a building higher than one floor or the building itself is heavy (for example, a house made of rounded logs), then you need to choose 250 mm pipes. and more.

Here's a small one list of specific gravity of building materials:

Brick: clay 3500-3900 kg, silicate 3500-3700 kg per 1 thousand pieces.
Round coniferous forest: pine 670-760 kg, spruce 450-520 kg per 1 cubic meter.
Sawn timber: 600 kg conifers, 850 kg hardwood per 1 cubic meter.
Impregnated sleepers: 75 kg one piece.
Mineral wool: 75-150 kg per 1 cubic meter.
Construction felt: 150-250 kg per 1 cubic meter.
Construction sand: 1500-1650 kg per 1 cubic meter.

Pipe selection. Asbestos cement pipes are divided into two types:

Non-pressure, used to transport media without pressure. Cheaper ones are marked “BNT”.
Pressure pumps are used to transport media under high pressure conditions. More expensive ones are marked “VT”.

Since our pipes do not carry any significant load, but are only permanent formwork for the formation of reinforced concrete foundation columns, there is no point in buying pipes marked “VT”; simple free-flow pipes are quite sufficient for our purposes. The most common length of pipes upon purchase is 5 meters, although for a diameter of 200 mm. you can find a version of 3 meters 95 cm. One pipe with a diameter of 200 mm. and length 3950 mm. weighs 64 kg.

For a similar pipe 5000 mm long. weight will be 74 kg. Pipe with a diameter of 250 mm. already weighs 94 kg, 300 mm. — 121 kg, 400 mm. — 199 kg, 500 mm. - 359 kg. with a length of 5 meters. This will help you calculate the weight of each column and determine the number of people required to install the formwork in the ground.

average price on asbestos pipes for foundations with a diameter of 200 mm. is 1200-1650 rubles per piece, per pipe with a diameter of 250 mm. you will have to pay 1700-1800 rubles for a diameter of 300 mm. the cost is approaching 2500-2600 rubles. Large pipes with a diameter of 400 and 500 mm. cost approximately 4,000 rubles for the first and 7,600 rubles for the second.

Columnar foundation made of asbestos-cement (asbestos or asbestos-cement) pipes, the first stage - marking. It is necessary to mark so that the pillars are necessarily at each corner of the building, at the intersections of walls, as well as in places of increased load. After this, the remaining pillars are marked in such a way that the distance between them is from one to two meters, it all depends on the thickness of the selected pipes and the mass of the future building.

Markings are carried out using pegs and construction twine. Step back the selected distance from the corner posts and hammer in pegs along the entire perimeter of the future building. Then stretch the twine between the pegs located opposite each other. At the end of this work, you will have a mesh of twine, where the intersection of the cords will be the center of the column. Mark them with pegs and remove the twine.

Well preparation. Clear the area of debris and level it. Remove the top layer of turf in the areas of future posts. The thickness of the turf is not taken into account when calculating the depth of the post. Afterwards you can start drilling. Measure the post by its outer diameter. We need wells that are as close in diameter as possible to the outer diameter of the pipe. Using a garden drill, a hand grab, or a specialized tool (for example, a “drill drill”), we drill holes in the ground to the calculated depth.

It is advisable to make an expansion at the bottom of the well for more reliable support of the foundation. If this is impossible, don’t worry, a method on how to get out of the situation will be described below. After all the wells are ready, it is necessary to make a support cushion for each column. Place medium crushed stone 15-20 cm thick at the bottom of the well.

To find out the amount of crushed stone, simply mark the required depth on the pipe (for example, 20 cm), then pour crushed stone to the mark.

Then pour the crushed stone into a bucket, level it and mark the depth of filling the bucket (that is, the portion of crushed stone). Now you can use a measuring bucket to pour an even amount of crushed stone into each hole. After all the wells are filled with the required amount of crushed stone, we begin cutting and installing pipes. If it is impossible to drill wells, we dig a pit under each pipe, fill it with a cushion, set the pipe level and tamp the remaining void around the pipe with soil.

Pipe installation. If you are not confident that you can accurately install all the pipes according to the level at once, then during cutting make a reserve of 10 centimeters. After installing the pipes, cut off the excess along the level line. We install pipes in the wells on a bed of crushed stone. To fix the pipe strictly level, you can use wooden wedges or a simple holder. Let's start with reinforcement.

Pillar reinforcement. If our construction involves an even flooring on poles or piping using timber, then the height of the reinforcement should be slightly lower than the column, if a pile-grillage foundation is implied, then the height of the reinforcing mesh should be higher than the foundation.

In some cases, it may be necessary to install studs into the foundation.

Do not forget that in order to securely fix the stud from below, you need to secure a steel heel cut from sheet metal with two nuts on top and bottom. In order not to clog the working part of the thread with concrete, wrap the length of the protruding part of the stud with masking tape. We make the reinforcing mesh in the form of a rectangular structure slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the pipe.

The lower part is made with hooks bent outward at 90 degrees. This will help us better reinforce the wider part of the foundation column at the bottom. We lower the grid into each column. You can start pouring the foundation.

Fill. We prepare a cement concrete mortar using Portland cement grade 400, sifted river sand and small crushed stone. If we were unable to make an expansion at the bottom, then fill it a quarter and raise the column a little, the solution will fill the empty void and you will get an expansion at the base of the column. Let the concrete set for several hours. We cut the pipes to the level. Then we continue filling.

If expansion has already been carried out in the well, then pour concrete evenly and compact it using a vibrating mace.

If this useful tool is not available, use a piece of reinforcement to pierce the concrete with a bayonet motion to remove air. We pour and compact concrete into the gap between the pipe and the ground.

Once pouring is complete, cover the end with film for final maturation. We leave our foundation for two weeks, avoiding any work on the site. After the concrete has hardened, be sure to check the quality of the work performed; if you find voids between the pillars and the ground, carefully fill them with concrete and compact these places. Give it time to harden. Now you can begin further construction.

So, let's sum it up. Based on numerous reviews from people who have already tried this construction method, the following can be distinguished: dignity:

Economical. Average solid foundation– this is 30-35% of the cost of the house, in our case the figure does not exceed 18%.
The possibility of self-construction - which also saves the budget.

They also especially highlight the positive qualities of such a foundation in places prone to floods and flooding, as well as the possibility of building buildings on steep slopes.

Now about significant shortcomings foundation on asbestos pipes:

Impossibility of construction in moving soils due to low stability.
Not suitable for the construction of heavy buildings and multi-storey buildings.

They require insulation of the ceiling under the house itself due to wind blowing and access to the street.

Especially a lot reviews that when building a foundation from asbestos-cement pipes, it is impossible to construct a basement and plinth. And even if it is possible, the increase in price is so great that it negates all savings. And if the problem of the basement can still be solved by arranging the so-called “removal”, then the lack of a basement for many becomes a key negative factor in choosing this type of foundation.

The foundation is the base of the structure. The service life of the entire building will depend on the strength of this structure. In fact, this is the main element of any building, because if it subsides or moves, a number of negative factors may appear:

swelling of floors;
inability to close doors;
general distortion of the structure;
destruction of the house.

We present to your attention material on how to make it thoughtfully and reliably columnar foundation from asbestos pipes.

Positive aspects of using asbestos-cement pipes in the construction

Easy to install. Complete exclusion of special construction equipment.
Affordable cost of materials.
The work can be carried out in the shortest possible time.
Possibility of construction even in flooded areas.
Long service life.
The reality of doing the calculations yourself.

Professionals unanimously claim that making a foundation from asbestos pipes with your own hands is not particularly difficult. However, it should be taken into account that when constructing a pile foundation, the possibility of building a basement is lost. In addition, when using this construction method, it is necessary to take into account that the floors under the building require thorough insulation and wind protection.
It should also be noted that pile foundation can show itself extremely negatively on moving soils. But such a situation can most often occur when asbestos pipes were installed contrary to current building codes.
Asbestos-cement foundations are very often used for buildings that have a frame, which are made of timber, wood, wood concrete and other alternative lightweight types of materials: bathhouses, verandas, outbuildings, gazebos, cabins, etc. In addition, using a grillage, you can combine the material with a slab or concrete strip. The scope of application of a foundation made of asbestos-cement pipes with your own hands is very extensive; it is erected in areas where flooding occurs, there are highly heaving soils, and also where the soil can freeze to more than one and a half meters.

Carrying out calculations

To carry out the necessary calculations, you need to know two main parameters:

Soil freezing temperature.

To determine soil freezing, you can use reference information. The relevant sources contain data on soil freezing without snow cover. In addition, if the level of snow precipitation is high enough, the figure given in the reference book can be slightly underestimated.
You can add a value from 0.3 to 0.5 meters to the reference data - this indicator will indicate the correct depth of the underground part of the piles. Note that their bases should be visible above ground level, approximately 30 cm, however, if there is a risk of flooding, this figure can be increased by a few centimeters.

Asbestos-cement pipes for foundations usually have a diameter that correlates with the weight of the future building. For log buildings, a volume of 20-30 cm is best suited, while for small gazebos the diameter of the pipes can be only 7 cm.
The load on the structure being built will depend on the complexity of the structure and the material from which it will be made. To carry out calculations, you need to take into account not only the walls, but also the roof, finishing and insulation.
Existing piles are placed around the perimeter of the structure, as well as at its corners and at the intersection of load-bearing walls. Their distance should be no more than one meter. The approximate load on each pile should average 800 kg. If the resulting weight is higher than the specified value, the number of piles should be increased.
At the end of the actions taken, the required number of pipes and fittings becomes known. The calculation should be made according to the following principle - 2-3 rods of reinforcement for each asbestos pipe.

Step-by-step instructions for foundation production

So, you have the material, the desire and the readiness to make a foundation from asbestos-cement pipes with your own hands. Let's consider step by step how to correctly build this structure:

Design. The construction of frame structures belongs to the group of simple works. Thus, the average weight of a one-story cottage is 8 tons. This means that for such a foundation you need to use 10 supports, the cross-section of which will be equal to 20 cm. Project documentation in finished form can be found on the vastness of the global network, however, as Alternative option, it can be ordered from specialists. Today, statistics of work carried out on the construction of private houses shows that the majority of customers want an individual construction project.
Preparation of the site followed by marking. To prepare the site for the appropriate construction activities, the following steps must be followed:
- clear the area of stones and trees;
- mark the corner marks of the foundation - dig in metal rods or wooden posts with a rope stretched over them;
- step back two meters from the possible boundary of the foundation being built and mark the area from which it will be necessary to remove fertile soil (more than 30 cm) in the future. Such manipulation is necessary so that later weeds do not sprout from under the building;
- remove the turf, level the area and fill it with sand and gravel mixture. Compact the area.
Drilling wells for supports. In case of independent work To build a structure made of asbestos pipes, it is permissible to use an ordinary garden drill. It is common for teams of specialists from construction companies to use special equipment (automatic motorcycle or hole drills). The diameter of the well for support should exceed its volume by 10-12 cm. In turn, the depth should be 20 cm greater than the intended height of the piles. This approach is necessary for the manufacture of a special foundation “pillow” from nonmetallic building materials.
Preparatory work for the construction of a columnar foundation from asbestos pipes and installation of these pipes. The bottom of the prepared well is carefully filled with crushed stone and sand, methodically compacted and filled with water. The top layer is covered with waterproofing - it can be a film or roofing felt. The supports are immersed in the pit and secured with slats. The base is covered with sand. The length of the pillars should have a margin of slightly more than 10 cm; subsequently, thanks to this technique, you can easily level the height of any support. If the soil has high humidity, it is recommended to treat all pipes with a special solution based on bitumen or polymer.
Concreting and reinforcement. The prepared concrete mixture is poured into asbestos pipes to a depth of 30–40 cm. Next, the supports must be raised by 20 cm and secured. In this way we get a kind of concrete base, through which the pillars will be more stable.
The final stage. After the concrete layer has hardened, a reinforcement cage is installed into the pipe, which is connected by wire jumpers or transverse frames made of thin reinforcement. Next, the solution is filled to the required level. To remove any air bubbles that appear, you can use a wooden strip or metal rod. The top layer is covered with cellophane film to achieve uniform drying of the concrete solution. The drying period must be at least 21 days.

A columnar foundation made of asbestos pipes is the best option for constructing a small building without a basement space. When choosing a material, first of all, you should take into account the characteristics of the soil on the site. If the area has high-quality land, then pipes can be used to install your building. It is worth considering that such foundation designs have a lower cost than other types of material, and all work on reproducing the building can be done with your own hands. In our article we will find out the advantages and disadvantages of such a device, as well as a way to lay the foundation yourself.

Advantages and disadvantages of asbestos pipes

To make asbestos pipes, in most cases, Portland cement above 500 is used, which can be specially processed. It is worth noting that this process complies with the norms of the technological map. Among the advantages of such materials, the following characteristics should be highlighted:

Processing that does not require much labor;
High level of resistance to humidity and frost;
Low percentage of elongation due to heat, unlike metal products;
Non-conductivity of electricity;
The material is resistant to impact aggressive environment and chemicals;
Low ability to conduct heat;
To carry out the work, it is recommended to use a pipe diameter of 10, 15 cm. In very rare situations, a value from 20 to 25 cm is chosen for the foundation. It is worth noting that the latter do not in any way affect the quality of the structure, they only affect the cost of the room.

Attention! When choosing a size, you must not forget that the width of the strapping beam is 20 percent larger than the diameter of the pipe. Standard models are up to 5 meters in size, so they are cut into smaller pieces. This action depends on the characteristics of the soil.

Pros and cons of the foundation

The main advantages of such a foundation made of asbestos pipes are the following characteristics:

The base does not require a large amount of physical effort to perform installation work;
Long operational life of the construction project;
It can also be built on soil that is prone to freezing;
There is no need to perform additional actions, namely waterproofing and insulation, etc.;
Low price for materials;
Possibility of self-installation.

But we should also not forget that the foundation also has a number of disadvantages:

Possibility of erecting only light-weight buildings;
Does not function on moving or freezing earthen areas;
Inability to build a basement. The main disadvantages of the base:

If you plan to build a small Vacation home or a building for economic purposes, then the best option The pipes will be made of asbestos. They require fairly low costs, both monetary, power, and technical. All of the above advantages of such a base incline to the choice of just such a material.

Features of asbestos base

Columnar bases of this type are applicable in construction projects light buildings, such as frame buildings, wooden houses, bathhouses, etc. The principle of such construction is based on pouring concrete only at certain points on the perimeter, which organize the supporting places of the structure. Appearance The foundation resembles several rows of pillars that are aimed at providing support for the building.

Settlement stage

In order for such a foundation made of asbestos parts to be reliable and durable, all calculations must be performed correctly. The most important thing is to determine the depth and amount of material needed.

Determining the depth indicator

Calculating the depth for laying the foundation depends on three factors:

Type of soil on the site;
The number of buildings that are planned to be erected, according to the project;
Type of base.

Before you start installation work, you should conduct a geological analysis that will help you figure out all the components of the soil. Plus, you need to find out about the passage groundwater and the level of ground freezing. In most cases, such a foundation is used for light types of buildings. However, we should not forget that such objects will also have different depth indicators.

Attention! It is very important to choose the right type of building foundation, since the lifespan of your construction project will depend on this.

Number of required pipes

The number of required pillars in the foundation structure is in most cases determined by the type of structure. This is due to the fact that pillars are installed at each corner of the building, as well as at the intersection points of the walls. According to the project plan, their number should be evenly distributed and withstand the load and weight of the building.

Attention! The distance between the pillars should be 1.5 - 2 meters over the entire area of the building.

In addition, the height of the pillar above the ground should be on average 0.3 meters. If the building is located in a place prone to flooding, then the distance should be increased.

Installation work

The process begins with the installation of markings on the territory. This is a fairly responsible process that requires correct calculations and accurate markings. The main rule for laying is a vertical design, taking into account the even line of the pillars. To achieve maximum results, you should use ropes and sand to mark the lines of the building. It is also worth considering the distance from one pipe to another, which should be approximately 2 meters.

Attention! Marking on the site should occur from the corners of the building. For this process, two parallel ropes are pulled.

Next, drilling of wells for pipes begins. If your finances allow you to hire a drill. Then use the service, but if this is not possible, then you can do them yourself. The width of the hole should exceed the diameter of the pipe by 10 cm. It is worth noting that the length depends on the type of base. When building a bathhouse, the pipe is installed directly into the hole, and if it is a more complex structure, then a cushion should be made under it. All these nuances must be taken into account before creating wells.

Attention! To increase the service life, it is necessary to waterproof all pipes of the structure.

We install a frame foundation

One of the most important rules is to install the base structure strictly vertically. In addition, a number of other requirements should be taken into account:

Installation work on the construction of the frame connects the markings of pillars on the territory, which must correspond to the design indicators. To increase reliability and durability, it is recommended to additionally place reinforcement bars in the pit. It is worth noting that all gaps should be filled with earth, and then compacted. After placing all the pillars, check their height level; if it is not the same, then the error can be corrected with a grinder.
We carry out internal filling of pipes. This action must be performed using a concrete solution. It is prepared in the following ratio: cement, sand, crushed stone - 1:4:6. Pour all the ingredients with water and stir until a homogeneous mass is formed. Next, fill the wells and compact them if necessary.
We install anchors or fastenings. Special fastening means or reinforcement bars are attached to the poles.
We fill in wells. This action is carried out with crushed stone and sand, which fills the entire free space. This work must be done carefully so as not to damage the integrity of the foundation structure. After everything is compacted, it is necessary to check the level of the pipes to avoid slopes.
We process the upper part of the pipes. This work should begin only after the solution has completely dried. This action is performed by attaching the fastening pipe or waterproofing mastic to the top of the pipe. To provide additional protection from various chemical and natural influences, plates can be used.
The final stage is the installation of the strapping beam. To do this, you need to make holes in the supports under anchor bolts. We mount this nut into wood, thereby creating a flat surface for future walls. At all corners and joints, bars are inserted and connected by fastening elements. The connections of the structure must be filled with foam.

In our article, you learned about the advantages of a foundation made of asbestos pipes and the rules for installing it yourself.

For any building, the foundation is the fundamental structure that significantly affects the service life of the structure, its stability and integrity. Therefore, its design and construction should be prepared very responsibly and carefully. Today, when building a private house, many developers choose a base made of asbestos-cement pipes. Such columnar structures are optimally suited for the construction of frame buildings, wooden houses, light buildings, baths, terraces and other buildings.

The main advantages of foundations made of asbestos-cement pipes

Columnar foundations are characterized by ease of installation, long service life, resistance to the negative effects of aggressive environments and affordable installation costs. In addition, a structure made from asbestos-cement pipes can be installed in places with difficult access and in remote areas that cannot be reached by heavy equipment for transporting large reinforced concrete slabs or large volumes of building materials.

It is based on a dispersed reinforced composition. Asbestos is used as a reinforcing material, which, evenly distributed over the finished product, gives it increased strength and reliability, moisture resistance and durability.

Modern pipes have a long service life: 50 years or more. They are not subject to corrosion and are lightweight.

Preparatory work

Before you start building a foundation, you should study the design and technical documentation and calculate the exact amount of materials. To arrange columnar structures you will need the following items:

Asbestos cement pipes.
Hand grab or drill.
Cement, sand and crushed stone.
Fittings.
Container for mixing concrete mortar or concrete mixer.

The diameter of the pipes is selected for each building individually, depending on the design load of the building and its structures, the characteristics of the soil on the site and the climatic characteristics of the region. For single-story and light-weight frame structures, products with a diameter of 200 mm can be used. For brick buildings, two-story houses and heavy buildings, it is recommended to purchase pipes with a diameter of at least 250 mm.

Before work begins on the construction site, the turf is cut off and the site is leveled, removing the top layer of soil. According to a pre-approved project, the location of the supports is indicated.

Using a drill or a hand grab, wells are constructed at a certain distance from each other.

The depth of the pillars is calculated in advance based on data from geodetic surveys of the area. Experts advise deepening the supports 150 mm below the initial data on the depth of soil freezing in the area. As a rule, pipe pillars are installed to a depth of 1500 mm.

Foundation construction technology: preparing mortar and pouring

Crushed stone is poured at the bottom of the wells to a height of 150-200 mm. After this, pre-prepared pipes along the length are installed. After installation, the outer walls of the formwork are covered with soil.

In order for a foundation made of asbestos-cement pipes to be of high quality and reliable, it is imperative to check the verticality of their installation.

Next, a solution of cement and concrete is prepared, grade 400 cement, river sand, sifted sand and small gravel (crushed stone) are used. Each cavity is first filled to one third with the prepared concrete composition. After this, the pipe is raised slightly so that the concrete spills over the base of the well and forms an expanded substrate below. This technique makes the foundation more stable, strong, durable and minimally susceptible to aggressive environmental influences.

After the substrate has set a little, fill the holes completely with concrete, leaving approximately 150 mm or a little more to the top. Next, reinforcing rods are inserted into the cavity of each pipe. Having filled the columns with concrete to the end, wait for the concrete composition to dry completely.

The exact time for fixing the solution depends on the climatic conditions of the work. As a rule, technology recommends waiting at least 28 days. However, in the summer season this period can be reduced to 21 days.

Thus, using these simple tips and rules, you can independently prepare a high-quality and reliable columnar foundation for any residential building or outbuilding.

Video

This video will tell you about pouring and reinforcing piles.

Which met all the requirements of that time. A new technological solution for constructing a building with a foundation made of asbestos-cement pipes is confidently entering our lives. This columnar option is used in the construction frame houses and lightweight buildings in places with high humidity and periodic flooding.

Properties of asbestos pipes

This type of pipe piece products is produced in accordance with the requirements of SNiP. The material used is a mixture of magnesium hydrosilicate and cement.

Asbestos pipes have unusual properties:

light weight;
increased strength;
low coefficient of thermal expansion;
resistance to electrochemical corrosion caused by stray currents;
affordable price.

In more detail, asbestos-cement pipes can easily withstand compression pressure of up to 265 thousand kilopascals. They can be machined, and they do not require mandatory waterproofing. Tubular products have excellent resistance to low temperatures, aggressive influence of the surrounding atmosphere, high humidity and pests of animals/insects.

Compared to steel analogues, the thermal expansion of asbestos pipes is 140 times less. Due to the lightness of the pile (6-11 kg/1 linear meter), all installation work can be done independently. The most common pipe options are with a standardized length of 3-5 m, a diameter of 20-25 cm, and a wall thickness of 1-1.6 cm.

Types of foundation

They come in three types:

tape;
slab;
columnar.

Compared to other options for foundations for buildings, the latter is recognized as the most budget-friendly. The foundation made of asbestos pipes is a priority on marshy soils, loam, gravel, coarse sand, lands with a high degree of freezing, with slopes and relief areas.

When laying strip foundation Reinforced concrete is poured along the entire perimeter of the building. This material is laid simultaneously under the external and internal walls, while the cross sections remain unchanged throughout. When compared with the columnar version, the process of constructing such a foundation is considered more labor-intensive and material-intensive.

After the modernization of the strip base, a new type appeared - slab, more durable and reliable, with high load-bearing capacity. This type of foundation is a reinforced solid concrete slab that is laid shallow in the ground.

Advantages and disadvantages of a columnar foundation

It is quite possible to independently calculate the project for constructing a foundation from asbestos cement pipes and do everything construction work quickly and without outside help. Due to the lack of special equipment and the low cost of materials, significant savings can be achieved.

Before you decide on installation columnar base for your future home, you need to take into account the essential nuances:

The construction of a columnar foundation is contraindicated when there are obvious differences in height or soil mobility.
A foundation made of asbestos-cement pipes is unsuitable for the construction of buildings with more than three storeys and the use of heavy building materials and decorative stones for finishing.
It is not recommended to erect a columnar foundation for a basement or ground floor.
The service life of this type of foundation can exceed 30 years.

How to calculate a building project with a columnar base

Only a competent miscalculation will allow you to make a high-quality base from pipes with your own hands. First of all, you need to determine from the reference literature the freezing depth appropriate for your area, but taking into account the height of the above-ground part of the pipes -30 cm or more.

It is necessary to pay attention to one nuance: when determining the depth of freezing, the amount of snow cover is not taken into account. If high snowdrifts are preferred for your region, then the numbers from the directory can be reduced slightly.

When calculating a columnar foundation, the pressure of the building and the type of material are taken into account. If the construction is planned to be light, then it is necessary to use pipes with a diameter of 100 mm. If it is heavier, then products with a cross section of 250-300 mm are suitable. When calculating the total load on the base, you must not forget about the mass of the walls, roof, finishing, insulation, etc. The diameter of the well must be 80-120 mm larger than the pipe.

How many pipes and material are needed?

The pillars are installed at the corners of the structure (building) at the intersection of load-bearing walls and the entire perimeter, maintaining a distance between them of no more than a meter. In this case, the rated load on each of them should not exceed 800 kg. If the calculations result in an excess, then an increase in the number of piles will be required.

A huge role in preparing the foundation is played by the uniform distribution of the load of the building on the pillars.

When arranging the foundation, it is necessary to equip each asbestos pipe with two or three reinforcing bars. The amount of concrete is calculated taking into account the diameter of the pipes. So, to fill 10 mm of a product with a diameter of 100 mm, you need to prepare 0.1 cubic meters of concrete, taking into account the base; with the same length, but with a diameter of 200 mm, 0.5 cubic meters will be required. meters; with 300 mm diameter - one cubic meter of concrete.

Installation of asbestos pipes

Many builders will find useful information useful: how to make a foundation from asbestos pipes. At any stage of work, the contractor is required to be extremely thorough and strictly adhere to the chain of actions.

The installation process of pipe products includes:

Applying marking lines at the initial stage. The construction site is cleared of various rubbish, leveled and the turf is removed. Along the contour of the future building, stakes are installed and a rope is pulled.
Drilling wells for pillars. For this purpose, you will have to use a drill or dig holes yourself, but remember that their diameter must exceed the pipe ones. As for the depth of the well, it should be 200 mm greater than the calculated value of the part of the pile under the ground. This condition is necessary to create a sand cushion.
Compacting and filling the sand cushion at the bottom of the well with water.
Laying roofing felt after absorbing the liquid.
Installation and leveling of asbestos pipes, which must be secured with temporary wooden blocks. If necessary, perform waterproofing.
Undercut pipes if the length exceeds the required size. In this case, in order to level the piles after forming the base, make a margin of about 100 mm.

How to form a foundation

Now you need to prepare the concrete. To do this, a mixture of one part cement and two parts sand is made, into which the liquid is then poured. It will be needed so much that the finished solution looks like a thin dough in consistency. Next, add two parts of crushed gravel and carefully knead the mixture, which is poured into the pipes to a depth of 400 to 500 mm.
As a result of successive actions, the pile should rise by 150-200 mm. It is left until the concrete has completely hardened. This results in a strong foundation made of concrete pipes, which is subsequently resistant to buoyancy forces during soil heaving.
After the concrete has hardened, additional waterproofing of the well with roofing material and backfilling with river sand will be required from the outside. Then it is leveled horizontally.
In the free space of the pipe, reinforcement is installed - rods interconnected with wire, and then concrete solution is poured. To ensure that excess air in the pipe is completely removed, the contents are repeatedly pierced with a steel rod. Further construction will become possible only after two to three weeks, when the concrete in the self-laid piles of asbestos-cement pipes has completely dried out.

Such a columnar foundation is in demand when constructing a summer cottage, small-sized bathhouse, sauna, veranda, terrace and other lightweight buildings. The project using the above building materials is recognized as inexpensive and profitable from an economic point of view, not very labor-intensive, and therefore can be implemented with your own hands, without the intervention of specialized equipment and the help of a large number of people.