Morphological analysis often causes difficulties for schoolchildren, which are due to the fact that some parts of speech (for example, adverb, preposition, union) are not studied enough time, and after studying them, tasks for determining various grammatical features are rare. This leads to the fact that students do not retain in memory all the morphological characteristics of these parts of speech, therefore, the corresponding analysis causes difficulties.
I propose to issue support schemes - plans for the analysis of parts of speech, and such a plan can be drawn up by the students themselves, introducing complex (at their discretion) material into them. For example, for some, the difficulty is the criteria by which nouns are distributed by declension, for someone the concept of the mood of the verb is difficult.
Through repeated access to these blanks, not only stronger knowledge is acquired, but the skill of performing this type of analysis is also developed.
I recommend that my students create special folders with this kind of materials and store one copy (whole, uncut) there, and always carry the other copy with you (for example, in a textbook) cut into cards. The teacher can model the analysis plan at his own discretion, adding or removing any supporting material. I offer a more complete version of such cards, which also includes such parts of speech as the word of the category of state and onomatopoeic words, which are not distinguished by all linguists as independent parts of speech.
1. Morphological analysis of the NOUN.
I. Part of speech - noun, because answers the question " WHAT?” (case question) and designation. SUBJECT.
N. f. - ... ( I. p., units h.)
II. Permanent signs:
- own or common noun,
- animate ( V.p. plural = R.p. plural) or inanimate ( V.p. plural = I.p. plural),
- gender (male, female, neuter, common (relative to both m. and female sex: crybaby), outside the gender category (noun, not singular: scissors)),
- declination ( 1st(m., f. -a, -z); 2nd(m, cf. -, -o, -e); 3rd(and. -); diversified(on - me, path);
adjective (like adjectives), indeclinable ( do not change in cases and numbers ) ,
Non-permanent signs: I. Who? What? AT. Whom? What?
- in list ( units, many), R. Whom? What? T. By whom? How?
- in ... case ( I, R, D, V, T, P). D. To whom? What? P. About whom? About what?
III. Syntactic role (set semantic question and underline as a member of the sentence).
2. Morphological analysis of the ADJECTIVE.
I. Part of speech - adj., because answers the question " WHICH?” and stands for SIGN OF THE OBJECT.
N.f. - ... ( I.p., units h, m..)
II. Permanent signs:
Qualitative (maybe more or less) / Relative (cannot be more or less) / Possessive (indicates belonging to someone).
Irregular signs:
- in the degree of comparison (for qualitative);
- in full ( which?) or short ( what?) form,
- in ... case (for complete forms),
- in ... number (unit, pl.),
- in ... kind (for the only numbers).
3. Morphological analysis of the VERB.
I. Part of speech - ch. answers the question " WHAT TO DO?” and stands for ITEM ACTION.
N.F. - ... ( infinitive: what's up be? what did you do be?)
II. Permanent signs:
- kind (perfect (what With do?) or imperfect (what to do?)),
- conjugation ( I(eat, eat, eat, eat, ut / ut), II(shish, um, im, ite, at / yat), heterogeneous(want, run)
- returnable (there is -sya, -s.) / irrevocable (no -sya, -s),
- transitive (used with noun in V. p. without pretext)/ intransitive ( not used with a noun in V. p. without pretext).
Irregular signs:
- in ... inclination ( indicative: what have you been doing? what is he doing? what will he do? , imperative: what do you do?, conditional: what have you been doing would? What did you do would?),
- in ... time (for the indicative mood: past (what did you do?), present (what are you doing?), future (what will you do? what will you do?)),
- in ... number (singular, pl.),
- in ... face (for present, bud. time: 1l.(me, we) 2 l.(you you), 3 l.(he, they)); in ... genus (for the past time unit).
Verbs in an indefinite form (infinitive) have no non-permanent signs, since the INFINITIVE is an invariable form of a word.
III. Syntactic role (ask a question and underline as a member of the sentence).
4. Morphological analysis of the NUMBER.
I. Part of speech - number, because it answers the question “ HOW MANY?" (or " WHICH THE?”) and stands for AMOUNT items (or ORDER items WHEN ACCOUNT).
N.F. - ... (I.p. or I.p., singular, m.p.).
II. Permanent signs:
- category by structure (simple/complex/compound),
- rank by value ( quantitative+ sub-category (actual quantity/fractional/collective)/ ordinal),
- declension features:
– 1,2,3,4, collective and ordinal num. skl-Xia, how adj.
– 5–20, 30
skl-Xia, as a noun. 3 cl.
– 40, 90, 100, one and a half, one and a half hundred when inclined have 2 shapes.
– one thousand skl., as a noun. 1 cl.
– million, billion skl., as a noun. 2 cl.
– complex and composite quantitative skl-Xia with change each part the words.
– complex and compound ordinals numerals skl-Xia with change only last the words.
Non-permanent signs:
- case,
- number (if any)
- gender (in the singular, if any).
III. Syntactic role (together with the noun to which it refers) with the main word.
5. Morphological analysis of the PRONOUN.
I. Part of speech - local, because answers the question “WHO? WHAT?" (WHICH? WHOSE?
N.F. - ... (I.p. (if any) or I.p., singular, m.p.)
II. Permanent signs:
- rank in relation to other parts of speech ( places. -noun, local-adj., local. -number.)
- rank by value with proof:
– personal, because decree. on the face;
– returnable, because pointer to the return of the action to itself;
– possessive, because decree. for belonging;
– interrogative, because decree. to a question;
– relative, because decree. on the relations of simple prepositions. as part of a complex;
– uncertain, because decree. for indefinite items, recognition, number,
– negative, because the decree. for the absence of items, recognition, count;
– defining, because decree. on a generalized attribute of the subject. - person (for personal).
Irregular signs:
- case,
- number (if any)
- gender (if any).
III. Syntactic role (ask a question from the main word and underline as a member of the sentence).
6. Morphological analysis of the ADVERSE.
I. Part of speech - Nar. answer to question "HOW?"(WHEN? WHERE? WHY? etc.) and means SIGN OF SIGN.
N.f. - indicate only if the adverb is in the degree of comparison.
II. Permanent signs:
- Invariable part of speech.
- Rank by value: modus operandi(how?) - measures and degrees(to what extent? to what extent?)
places(where? where? from where?) - time(when? how long?)
the reasons(why?) - goals(Why? What for?)
(Indicate if the adverb is of pronominal type, its form: definitive, personal, demonstrative, interrogative, relative, indefinite, negative.)
Variable features: in ... form ... degrees of comparison (if any).
III. syntactic role.
7. Morphological analysis of a WORD OF STATE CATEGORY.
I. Part of speech - SCS, because. stands for CONDITION human, nature , ACTION ASSESSMENT and answers two questions at once: "HOW?" and “WHAT?”
The rest of the items like an adverb, except for the digits by value, which are not distinguished from the SCS.
8. Morphological analysis of the PARTICIPLE.
I. Part of speech - adverb, because resp. on the question "WHICH?" and “WHAT DOING? WHAT HAS DONE? and designation SIGN OF THE SUBJECT BY ACTION.
N.f. - ... (I., unit, m.).
II. Permanent signs:
- real (-usch-, -yusch-, -ash-, -yashch-; -vsh-, -sh-) or passive (-em-, -om-, -im-; -enn-, -nn-, - t-).
- view (SV - what With did? NSV - what did he do?).
- return (return - yes, irrevocable - no).
- tense (present: -ush-, -yush-, -ash-, -yash-, -em-, -om-, -im-; past: -vsh-, -sh-, -enn-, -nn-, -t-).
Irregular signs:
- full or short form (only for passive).
- case (only for participles in full form).
- number (unit, plural).
- gender (only for adverbs in the singular).
III. Syntactic role (usually a definition or a predicate).
9. Morphological analysis of the GENERAL PARTICIPLE.
I. Part of speech - ger., because the answer to the question. "HOW?" and “WHAT DOING? WHAT DID YOU DO? and designate additional action.
II. Permanent signs:
- Invariable part of speech.
- View (NE - what With doing? / NSV - doing what?).
- Return (return - yes, non-return - no).
III. Syntactic role (more often a circumstance).
10. Morphological analysis of the PREPOSITION.
I. Part of speech - a preposition, because serves to connect the main word ... with the dependent ...
II. Signs:
- Simple (from one word: from, to) / compound (from several words: during, due to).
- Derivative (moved from another part of speech: around) / non-derivative ( from, to, about…).
- Invariable part of speech.
11. Morphological analysis of the UNION.
I, Part of speech - union, because serves to connect homogeneous members of a sentence or simple parts in a complex sentence.
II. Signs:
- Simple (from one word: and, ah, but...) / compound (from several words: because…).
- Coordinating (associate OCHP or PP as part of the SSP: and, also, or, however ...) + group by value (connecting: and; adversative: but; separating: or). Subordinating (connect PP as part of NGN: because, because, in order to, as if ...) + group by value ( explanatory: what, temporary: when, conditional: if, causal: because, targeted: to, investigative: so; concessions: despite the fact that, though; comparative: as if)
- Invariable part of speech.
12. Morphological analysis of a PARTILE.
I. Part of speech - particle, because . gives additional shades(which ones: interrogative, exclamatory, indicative, amplifying, negative ) words or sentences or serves to form word forms(which ones: inclinations, degrees of comparison ).
II. Signs:
- Rank by value: (shaping: more, let, would .../semantic: really, that's right...).
- Invariable part of speech.
III. It is not a member of the proposal, but may be part of it.
13/14. Morphological analysis of INTERDOMETRY / VOICE-IMITATIVE WORD.
I. Part of speech - int. or sv / p.word, because expresses different feelings or call to action / transmit sounds of animate or inanimate nature.
II. Signs: unchangeable part of speech; derivative / non-derivative.
III. Not a member of the offer.
The morphological analysis of the verb, one of the most difficult parts of speech, is based on the well-known basic scheme of analysis.
First, we determine the general grammatical meaning of the word, then the initial form, according to which we later derive permanent features, then we find the word form in the text, set non-permanent features and syntactic role.
When parsing a verb, mistakes are often made in determining the aspect. But you just need to ask questions "what to do?" or "what to do?" and not to confuse two-species verbs (Sov. species - he will be executed tomorrow; non-sov. species - I will execute myself all my life for that act).
The confusion comes out with the clarification of the transitivity of the verb. This property means the ability of a verb to control a noun in C.p. without pretext (watching a movie, seeing the sun, writing a letter, fishing, building a house) and in R.p. when negating (I don’t see the table), as well as when designating any part (drink water, but not all the water). Even if there is no dependent noun in the text, it is necessary to substitute it to make sure that the verb is transitive.
Recurrence is easier to handle, but sometimes the postfixes -СЯ, -СЬ are lost in the initial form.
There are no special difficulties with the definition of mood either: a real action that has already happened, is happening now or will happen, is referred to as indicative, the unreal is represented by two moods, one of which is imperative (let's go, let's go, come on / let's go, go, go , let it go / go), and another conditional, it can also be called subjunctive), in these forms it is impossible to determine time.
Recall the inconstant signs of the verb:
1. It denotes the action of an object, (impersonal verbs denote the state of a person or nature).
2. It has the forms of 1, 2, 3 persons (in the present and future tense - sing, sing; sing, sing; sing, sing; and also in the imperative mood).
3. It has gender forms (only in the past tense of the indicative mood, as well as in the conditional mood - lay, lay, lay, would lie, would lie, would lie).
4. Has singular and plural forms (stand, stand, stand; stand, stand, stand).
5. It has forms of indicative, conditional and imperative moods (sleep, sleep, sleep, sleep, sleep, sleep; would sleep, would sleep, would sleep; sleep, sleep, stop, stay, leave, leave).
6. In the sentence, it depends on the subject and agrees with it, acting as a predicate.
Remember:
1. Impersonal verbs do not have a number and a person (it was getting dark, it is getting dark, it will get dark, it will freeze, it would freeze, I was sick, sick, sick), and the infinitive is an invariable form and does not have inconstant signs.
2. All reflexive verbs are intransitive.
3. Person and gender exclude each other (I/you/he came).
4. You can find out the conjugation by the suffix before -TH of an indefinite form, when the endings are unstressed, with stressed endings we use the form of the 3rd person of the plural person (drink - drink, fly - fly, sleep - sleep).
5. Sometimes the verb is used in a figurative sense: Well, I went! (past tense in the meaning of the future), He was walking down the street yesterday (present in the meaning of the past), would you treat me, or something! (conditional mood in the meaning of the imperative), If I had known about this before, I would never have come (the imperative in the meaning of the conditional).
PLAN OF MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE VERB
1. Part of speech and general grammatical meaning.
2. Initial form (infinitive) and morphological features:
Permanent (P.p.):
- view,
- transition,
- return,
- conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- inclinations,
- time (only in the indicative mood),
- numbers,
- persons (only present and future tenses and in the imperative mood),
- gender (only in the past tense singular).
3. The syntactic role of the verb (simple and compound verbal predicate, compound nominal predicate).
Let's reread the beginning of the seventh chapter "Visiting Beorn" from the fairy tale novel by John R.R. Tolkien and perform a morphological analysis of some verbs.
At dawn, Bilbo was awakened by the bright rays of the sun. The hobbit jumped up to look at the clock, put the kettle on the fire - and realized that he was not at home. For breakfast there was no tea, no ham and toast, but only the cold leftovers of yesterday's lamb and rabbit meat. And after breakfast, you had to immediately go on the road.
This time the hobbit was allowed to climb onto the eagle's back and perch between the wings. The wind blew in his face and Bilbo closed his eyes. The sun still shone on the tops of the extreme eastern mountains. The morning was cool, with mist creeping up to the glaciers and peaks in the valleys and depressions.
Do not pinch, - said the eagle. - You're not a rabbit, although you look like one. Don't be afraid. There is nothing more pleasant than a cool morning and a light breeze. What could be better than flying?
The plain was crossed by a river, in the middle of which either a rock or a stone hill protruded, resembling a fragment of a mountain, as if some giant had thrown it here during the game. The eagles quickly landed on the rock and left the travelers there.
Farewell! May good luck accompany you during the campaign until you return to your nests! - That's how eagles usually say goodbye.
Parsing Samples
At dawn, Bilbo was awakened by the bright rays of the sun.
1. (Rays) woke up
2. Initial form (infinitive): wake up
Permanent (P.p.):
- perfect view,
- transitional
- irrevocable
- II conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- past tense
- plural.
The hobbit jumped up to look at the clock, put the kettle on the fire - and realized that he was not at home.
1. Look - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. infinitive - see
P.p.
- perfect view,
- transitional
- irrevocable
- II conjugation, exception.
N.p.
3. Syntactic role: circumstance.
For breakfast there was no tea, no ham and toast, but only the cold leftovers of yesterday's lamb and rabbit meat.
1. Was not - a verb, as it denotes the state of the subject.
2. N. f. to be
Permanent (P.p.):
- imperfect species,
- not transition,
- irrevocable
- I conjugation,
- used in an impersonal sense.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
has the form
- indicative mood,
- past tense
- cf. kind,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
And after breakfast, you had to immediately go on the road.
1. Depart - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. infinitive - to go
P.p.
- imperfect species,
- intransitive
- returnable,
- I conjugation.
N.p.
does not have, because it does not change.
3. Syntactic role: compound verbal predicate.
The wind blew in his face and Bilbo closed his eyes.
1. (Bilbo) closed his eyes - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. close your eyes
Permanent (P.p.):
- perfect view,
- intransitive
- returnable,
- II conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- past tense
- m. kind,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
The sun still shone on the tops of the extreme eastern mountains.
1. (Sun) illuminated - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. illuminate
Permanent (P.p.):
- perfect view,
- transitional
- irrevocable
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- past tense
- cf. kind,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
The morning was cool, with mist creeping up to the glaciers and peaks in the valleys and depressions.
1. (Morning) turned out - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. stand out
Permanent (P.p.):
- perfect view,
- intransitive
- returnable,
- versatile.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- past tense
- cf. kind,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: compound nominal predicate.
Do not pinch, - said the eagle.
1. Do not pinch - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. pinch
Permanent (P.p.):
- imperfect species,
- intransitive
- returnable,
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- imperative mood,
- 2 persons,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
The plain was crossed by a river, in the middle of which either a rock or a stone hill protruded...
1. (River) crossed - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. cross
Permanent (P.p.):
- perfect view,
- transitional
- irrevocable
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- past tense
- and. kind,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
May good luck accompany you during the campaign until you return to your nests!
1. (Let) accompanies - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. accompany
Permanent (P.p.):
- imperfect species,
- intransitive
- irrevocable
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- imperative mood,
- 3 persons,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
1. (You) will not return - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. return
Permanent (P.p.):
- perfect view,
- intransitive
- returnable,
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- 2 persons,
- plural.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
This is how eagles usually say goodbye.
1. (Eagles) say goodbye - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. saying goodbye
Permanent (P.p.):
- imperfect species,
- intransitive
- returnable,
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- 3 persons,
- plural.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
Workout
Make a morphological analysis of verbs from the following sentences:
sang 3... (M.Yu. Lermontov.)
Arina Petrovna gets up from her seat and looking out 3
shone 3 stars. (M.A. Sholokhov.)
You go out 3
take 3. (V. Kozlov.)
embarrass 3. (V. Peskov.)
Get out 3
Leaves ran 3
SELF-TEST
An angel flew across the midnight sky, and he sang a quiet song sang 3... (M.Yu. Lermontov.)
1. (He) sang 3- a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. sing
Permanent (P.p.):
- imperfect species,
- transitional
- irrevocable
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- past tense
- m. kind,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
Arina Petrovna gets up from her seat and looking out 3 at the door, as if the Snail had left. (M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin.)
1. (Arina Petrovna) looking out 3- a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. look out for
Permanent (P.p.):
- imperfect species,
- transitional
- irrevocable
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
indicative mood,
- present time,
- 3 persons,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
At night in the charred black sky shone 3 stars. (M.A. Sholokhov.)
1. (Stars) shone 3- a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. shine
Permanent (P.p.):
- imperfect species,
- intransitive
- irrevocable
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- past tense
- plural.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
You go out 3 The blue blinds you. (N.G. Astafieva.)
1. (You) in going out 3 - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. go out
Permanent (P.p.):
- imperfect species,
- intransitive
- irrevocable
- II conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- present time,
- 2 persons,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
We are your doctor on an expedition take 3. (V. Kozlov.)
1. (we) take 3- a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. take
Permanent (P.p.):
- perfect view,
- transitional
- irrevocable
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
indicative mood,
- future tense
- 1 person,
- plural.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
The size of the crocodile's prey is small embarrass 3. (V. Peskov.)
1. (Dimensions) embarrass 3- a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. embarrass
Permanent (P.p.):
- imperfect species,
- transitional
- irrevocable
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
indicative mood,
- present time,
- 3 persons,
- plural.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
Get out 3 more like a mouse. What are you sitting in a mink there?
1. Get out 3- a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. get out
Permanent (P.p.):
- imperfect species,
- intransitive
- irrevocable
- I conjugation.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- imperative mood,
- 2 persons,
- singular.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
Leaves ran 3 on the way to. This means: autumn is on the doorstep.
1. (Leaves) ran 3 - a verb, as it denotes the action of an object.
2. N. f. run
Permanent (P.p.):
- perfect view,
- intransitive
- irrevocable
- versatile.
Non-permanent (N.p.):
used in the form
- indicative mood,
- past tense
- plural.
3. Syntactic role: simple verbal predicate.
Literature
1. Types of analysis in the lessons of the Russian language. A guide for teachers. - M., Education, 1978.
2. Voronichev O.E. On the logical basis of the morphological analysis of significant words / Russian language at school and at home. - 2008. - No. 1, 4, 6.
3. Litnevskaya E.I. Entering the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov. Morphological analysis at the entrance exams / Russian literature. - 1995. - No. 4.
, fast
Enter any word, then click "parse". After that, you will receive an analysis in which the part of speech, case, gender, tense and everything else will be written. Because parsing is performed out of context, then several parsing options may be offered, among which you will need to choose the correct one. Parsing is done automatically by the computer, so sometimes there may be errors. Be careful, online analysis is for help, not for mindless rewriting. Note about the letter Yo: do not replace it with E.
Press Ctrl+D to bookmark the service for future reference.
In order not to experience difficulties in the scheme morphological analysis words or in the order of parsing, you should not automatically memorize the sequence and principle of parsing. It is most effective to focus on highlighting the general features of parts of speech, and then move on to the particular features of this form. At the same time, the general parsing logic should be preserved. Parts of speech will also help you.
The following examples of morphological parsing will allow you to understand the scheme of parsing the words of a sentence in Russian. However, it should be remembered that the presence of a text is a prerequisite for the correct analysis of parts of speech, because morphological analysis is a characteristic of a word (as a part of speech), taking into account the specifics of its use.
Consider examples morphological analysis.
Morphological analysis of a noun
- initial form (in the nominative case, singular);
- own or common noun;
- animate or inanimate;
- declination
- number;
- case;
- role in the proposal.
Noun(parsing sample):
Text: Babies love to drink milk.
Milk is a noun, the initial form is milk, common noun, inanimate, neuter, 2nd declension, in the accusative case, singular (does not have a plural), direct object.
Adjective parsing plan
- the initial form is the infinitive (nominative case, singular);
- category (qualitative, relative or possessive);
- short or complete (only about quality);
- degree of comparison (only qualitative);
- gender (only about the singular);
- case;
- number;
- role in the proposal.
Adjective(parsing sample):
Text: Alyonushka collected a full basket of mushrooms.
Full - adjective, initial form - full; quality: complete; in a positive (zero) degree of comparison, in the neuter gender, accusative case, is an addition.
numeral(parsing order):
- initial form (nominative for quantitative, nominative singular, masculine for ordinal);
- category by value (quantitative, ordinal);
- category by composition (simple, complex, composite);
- case;
- gender and number (for ordinal and some quantitative);
- role in the proposal.
Numeral (parsing sample):
Text: Four days have passed.
Four is a numeral, the initial form is four, quantitative, simple, in the nominative case, has no number and gender, is the subject.
Pronoun(parsing order):
- initial form (nominative case, singular, if it changes by number and gender);
- rank by value;
- gender (if any);
- case
- number (if any);
- role in the proposal.
Pronoun (parsing sample):
Text: Crystal raindrops dripped from it.
Nee is a pronoun, the initial form is she, personal, 3rd person, feminine, genitive, singular, adverb of place.
Morphological analysis of the verb
- infinitive (initial form);
- returnable or irrevocable;
- transitive or intransitive;
- conjugation;
- mood;
- time (for the indicative mood);
- person (for the present, future tense and imperative mood);
- gender (for the past tense and conditional in the singular);
- number;
- role in the proposal.
Verb (parsing sample):
Text: They told the truth without fear of condemnation.
They said - a verb, the initial form - to say, irrevocable, intransitive, perfective, 1st conjugation, in the indicative mood, past tense, plural, is a predicate.
Participle(parsing order):
- initial form (nominative, singular, masculine);
- infinitive;
- time;
- returnable or irrevocable (for valid);
- transitive or intransitive (for valid);
- complete or short (for the passive);
- gender (for the singular);
- case;
- number;
- role in the proposal.
Participle (parsing sample):
Text: I look at the falling leaves and feel sad.
Falling - participle, initial form - falling, from the verb fall, imperfective, present tense, irrevocable, intransitive, feminine, accusative, singular, agreed definition.
gerund(parsing order):
- the verb from which it is formed;
- returnable or irrevocable;
- transitive or intransitive;
- role in the proposal.
The participle (parsing sample):
Text: When you go abroad, you are sad about home.
Leaving - a gerund, from the verb "to leave", an imperfect form, irrevocable, intransitive, a circumstance of the mode of action.
Adverb(parsing order):
- category by value (definitive or adverbial);
- degree of comparison (if any).
Adverb (parsing sample):
Text: The sun rose higher and the clouds dissipated.
Above - an adverb, adverbial place, is a circumstance of place, a comparative degree.
Video
Something is not clear? There is a good video on the topic for adjectives:
The order of debriefing in your class may differ from what is suggested, so we advise you to check with your teacher for debriefing requirements.
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It is a complete grammatical description of the given word. In this case, the words are considered in the context of the sentence, their original structure is restored and analyzed. In order to do a correct morphological analysis of parts of speech, it is necessary to be able to determine the initial form of words, know their constants and changes, and understand the words in a sentence.
Schemes for parsing words in a sentence differ significantly from each other, since they depend on the features of this part of speech and the form in which the word in this sentence stands. The morphological analysis plan itself may vary depending on the age of the students. Therefore, below we present plans for the analysis of individual parts of speech for students in grades 4-5.
Morphological analysis of a noun:
1. Determine to find the general meaning of what question this word answers.
2. Determine the initial form (put the word in the singular of the nominative case).
3. Indicate the signs: own noun or common noun, animate - inanimate.
4. Determine the gender (female - male - neuter), declension, case, number (singular - plural).
5. Indicate which member of the sentence this noun is.
Sample word parsing "foxes" in a sentence "The foxes ran after the butterfly".
Oral analysis: Foxes is a noun. It denotes a living being (who?) - foxes. The initial form is a fox. It is a common noun, animated, masculine, 2nd declension. In this case, the word was used in the nominative case, in the plural. The word "foxes" in the sentence is the subject.
Written review:
Foxes - noun.
(Who?) - cubs;
N. f. (initial form) - fox cub;
Narits., shower., husband. genus;
2nd slope;
in names. fall, in plural number;
play (who?) - fox cubs - subject.
Morphological analysis of the adjective
2. Put in the initial form (in the singular masculine nominative case.
3. Determine the gender of the adjective, its case and number.
4. Indicate which member of the sentence this adjective is.
Sample word parsing "hardworking" in a sentence "A hard-working squirrel stores nuts for the winter."
Oral analysis: Hardworking (squirrel) - adjective. Squirrel (what?) - hardworking. Indicates the attribute of an object. The initial form is industrious. The word was used in the feminine, singular, nominative case. In this sentence, the word "hardworking" is a definition.
Written review:
Hardworking (squirrel) - adj.;
N.f. - hardworking;
Women's genus, single number, name case;
Which? - hardworking - definition.
Morphological analysis of the numeral:
1. Determine the part of speech, find the general meaning, what question this word answers.
2. Put the numeral in the initial form - in the nominative case.
3. Identify signs: simple - compound number, quantitative - ordinal, in which case it is.
4. What member of the sentence is this numeral.
Sample word parsing "five" in a sentence "Five jackdaws want to eat."
Oral analysis:"Five" is a numeral. The word means the number of jackdaws (how many?) - five. The initial form is five. Simple, quantitative. The word is used in the nominative case. In this sentence, the word "five" is included in the subject.
Written review:
Five - counts: galchat (how many?) - five;
N.f. - five;
Simple, quantitative., in name. case;
(Who?) - five jackdaws - part of the subject.
Morphological analysis of the pronoun:
1. Determine the part of speech, find the general meaning, what question this word answers.
2. Put in the initial form (i.e. in the nominative singular).
3. Determine the features: person, then (if any) - gender and number, determine the case.
4. What member of the sentence is this pronoun.
An example of parsing the word "me" in the sentence "I didn't have enough for a whole summer."
Oral analysis:"Me" is a pronoun. Indicates the subject (to whom?) - me. The initial form is "I". Pronoun personal, 1st person. The word is used in the dative singular. In this sentence, the word "me" is an object.
Written review:
Me - pronoun:
(To whom?) - to me;
N.f. - I;
Personal;
Dative case, singular number;
To whom? - me - addition.
Morphological analysis of the verb
1. Determine the part of speech, find the general meaning, what question this word answers.
2. Put in an indefinite (initial) form.
3. Determine the signs: conjugation, number, if any - time, person, gender;
4. What member of the sentence is this verb.
Sample word parsing "flared up" in a sentence "The first ray of dawn broke out."
Oral analysis:"Flashed" is a verb. Denotes an action (what did you do?) - flared up.
The initial form is to flare up, 1st conjugation. The word is used in the singular, in the 3rd person. In this sentence, the word "flared" is a predicate.
Written review:
Flashed - verb;
(what did he do?) - flared up;
N.f. - flare up;
1 conjugation, singular number, 3rd person.
What did you do? - flared up - predicate.
Morphological analysis of the adverb:
1. Part of speech, general meaning.
2. An unchangeable word.
3. Member of the proposal.
Sample word parsing "fast" in a sentence "Dark clouds were moving quickly across the sky."
Oral analysis:"Fast" is an adverb. Designates a sign of action: ran through (how?) - quickly. The unchangeable word. In a sentence, it is a circumstance.
Written review:
Fast - adverb;
We ran (how?) quickly;
sign of action, immutable;
How? - quickly - circumstance.